History & Origin:

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is made up of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and the National Societies.

The International Committee of the Red Cross is an impartial, neutral and independent organization whose exclusively humanitarian mission is to protect the lives and dignity of victims of war and internal violence and to provide them with assistance. It directs and coordinates the international relief activities conducted by the movement in situations of conflict. It also endeavours to prevent suffering by promoting and strengthening humanitarian law and universal humanitarian principles. Established in 1863, the ICRC is at the origin of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.

The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies works on the basis of the principles of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement to inspire facilitate and promote all humanitarian activities carried out by its member National Societies to improve the situation of the most vulnerable people. Founded in 1919, the federation directs and coordinates international health emergencies. It acts as the official representative of its member Societies in the international field. It promotes cooperation between National Societies in the international field. It Promotes cooperation between National Societies, and works to strengthen their capacity to carry out effective disaster preparedness, health and social programs.

National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies embody the work and principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement in more than 178 countries. National Societies act as auxiliaries to the public authorities of their own countries in the humanitarian field and provide a range of services including disaster relief, health and social programs. During wartime, national societies assist the affected civilian population and support the army medical services where appropriate.

Together, all the above components of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (the “Movement”) are guided by the same seven Fundamental Principles; humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, voluntary services, unity and universality. In the same manner, all Red Cross and Red Crescent Activities have one Central purpose to help without discrimination those who suffer and thus contribute to peace in the World.